🧠 What Is FAIR Data?
The FAIR Principles are a set of guidelines to make research data:
| Letter | Principle | Meaning |
| F | Findable | Data and metadata should be easy to find for humans and machines. |
| A | Accessible | Data should be retrievable using open, standardized protocols. |
| I | Interoperable | Data should use standardized formats and vocabularies for integration. |
| R | Reusable | Data should be well-described, licensed, and documented for reuse. |
🔗 FAIR does not mean data must be open — it can be FAIR and restricted (e.g., due to privacy or ethics).
🗂️ How Do Repositories Support FAIR?
| FAIR Principle | Repository Feature |
| Findable | Assigns DOIs, supports rich metadata, and enables indexing by search engines and aggregators (e.g., OpenAIRE, DataCite). |
| Accessible | Uses open protocols like HTTP, OAI-PMH; supports license display and access statements. |
| Interoperable | Uses metadata standards (e.g., Dublin Core, DataCite, schema.org), supports controlled vocabularies and linked data. |
| Reusable | Requires clear licenses (e.g., CC BY, ODC-BY), data documentation, provenance info, and formats suitable for long-term use. |
🌍 Examples of FAIR-Compliant Repositories
| Repository | Type | FAIR Highlights |
| Zenodo | General research data | DOIs, CC licensing, Rich metadata, GitHub integration |
| Figshare | Multidisciplinary | Persistent IDs, open formats, citation-ready metadata |
| Dryad | Life sciences | metadata curation, ORCID integration, FAIR audits |
| OpenAIRE Explore | EU research outputs | Aggregates FAIR data across repositories in Europe |
| PNU DataSet | Institutional | InvenioRDM interface (as Zenodo), FAIR supports via metadata, DOIs, open licensing |
🧩 Essential Components for a FAIR Repository
| Component | Role |
| ✅ Metadata schema | Enables search, discovery, and interoperability |
| ✅ Persistent Identifiers (e.g., DOI) | Supports citation and tracking |
| ✅ Licensing & Terms | Defines usage rights (e.g., CC BY, CC0) |
| ✅ Versioning & Provenance | Tracks changes and origin of data |
| ✅ API or OAI-PMH support | Machine-readable access to data and metadata |
| ✅ ORCID Integration | Links datasets to authors’ research profiles |
DataSet is an open data repository, a digital platform where datasets, articles, books, dissertations are stored, managed, and shared under open licenses, allowing anyone to access, reuse, and redistribute the data —for research, education, innovation.
DataSet is Invenio RMD driven repository (we use the latest We are happy to announce the release of InvenioRDM V12 Released on August, 2024)
Invenio RMD is an open-source digital repository framework developed by CERN, scecialized to build customizable platforms for managing research datasets, publications, software, Metadata-rich records,
Invenio RMD powers famous platforms Zenodo.org (run by CERN and OpenAIRE) and INSPIRE (High-Energy Physics)
Benefits of Invenio for Datasets : Standards-compliant (supports FAIR data principles), modular & extensible (includes customization, validation, different user roles) and advanced backend (Built on Flask, Elasticsearch, PostgreSQL)
Metadata is “data about data” — it describes, explains, or contextualizes a dataset or research object so that others can: find it (discoverability), understand it (interpretation), reuse it (interoperability). Think of metadata as the label, summary, and user manual for your data.
📚 Types of Metadata in Research Data Repositories
| Type | Purpose | Example Fields |
| Descriptive | What is this data? Who created it? | Title, Authors, Abstract, Keywords, DOI |
| Administrative | How is it managed? | License, Contributor roles, Access rights, File size |
| Technical | What are the file details? | File formats, Structure, Software used |
| Provenance | Where does it come from? | Source, Funding, Project, Methodology |
| Structural | How is it organized? | Dataset parts, Related files, Versioning |
📚 Metadata is core to the FAIR data principles:
| FAIR Principle | Metadata Role |
| Findable | Metadata enables search engines and repositories to index datasets. |
| Accessible | Metadata provides access instructions, even if data is restricted. |
| Interoperable | Using standards allows machines and humans to read the data. |
| Reusable | Good metadata explains context, quality, and licensing. |
The sample of metadata for article
| Metadata Field | Details |
| Title | Graphene oxide synthesis using modified Tour method |
| Authors | V. O. Kotsyubynsky, V. M. Boychuk, I. M. Budzulyak, B. I. Rachiy, M. A. Hodlevska, A. I. Kachmar, M. A. Hodlevsky |
| Publication Date | September 2021 |
| Journal | Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 3 |
| DOI | 10.1088/2043-6262/ac204f |
| Bibcode | 2021 ANSNN..12c5006K |
| Abstract | Graphene oxide (GO) colloidal solution has been synthesized by …. |
| Keywords | Electric conductivity; Structure; Reduced graphene oxide; Graphene oxide |
| Full Text Sources | IOP Publishing |
The sample of metadata for experimental raw data
| Field | Details |
| Title | XRD pattern of Ultralene |
| Authors | Kotsiubynskyi, Volodymyr https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6461-937X |
| Affiliations | Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University |
| Date Published | 2025-03-24 |
| Description / Abstract | XRD pattern of Cole-Parmer™ Ultralene XRF Window Film Product Code 15390562. X-ray pattern was obtained using XRD-7000 Shimadzu diffractometer, equipped with a graphite monochromator (wavelength of 1.5405 Å for Cu-Kα radiation, 40 kV and 30 mA). |
| Keywords | Physical sciences, Materials engineering |
| License | CC BY 4.0 |
| DOI or Persistent ID | https://dataset.pnu.edu.ua/records/dm7fb-k6m49 |
| Related Publications | The use of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to determine the elemental composition of substances in the study of biophysics / V. Boychuk, V. Kotsyubynsky, L. Turovska, M. Moiseienko, K. Bandura, V. Stynska, L. Prokopiv, Yu. Mazurenko, M. Kuzyshyn // Фізико-математична освіта. – 2023. – Т. 38, № 4. – С. 14-23. http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/fmo_2023_38_4_4 |
| Funding Information | No |
| Version | v1.0 |
| File Types / Formats | Raw |
| Size | 3.0 kB |
| Language | English |
| Contact Person | Boychuk, Volodymyra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3870-1481 |